![]() Further, we have developed an experimentally efficient method to estimate the fidelity of large-scale quantum devices via a universality in many-body quantum chaos. To address these challenges, a new platform based on alkali-earth atoms trapped in optical tweezer arrays has been investigated, which allows for high-fidelity quantum gate and entanglement operations that are comparable to, or even better than, other state-of-the-art platforms. This is because entangled quantum states are extremely fragile and sensitive to environmental noise and control imperfections, leading to a significant reduction in fidelities of quantum operations in experiments. However, the development of large-scale quantum simulators and computers is still in its infancy and is an experimentally challenging task. The work by both teams suggests that using neutral atoms to create quantum circuits is a viable option for further research focused on creating a working quantum computer.The recent experiments related to quantum supremacy, demonstrating quantum computers can outperform conventional computers in certain computational tasks, have led to great interest in building even larger quantum systems and finding practical applications. ![]() They then used their system to run two quantum algorithms-one that measured the molecular energy of a given atom, the other to work on the MaxCut problem. The other team entangled qubit pairs using laser beams to create a complex of six qubits in a Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger state. One team entangled atoms that were not adjacent to one another using optical tweezers to move them around and then used them to demonstrate that the approach could be used to realize a well-established quantum information state. In the two new efforts, both research teams have shown that it is possible to use such an approach to create multi-qubit circuits they just went about it in different ways.īoth teams encoded the qubits in their machines in a low energy state but differed in how they handled them. The advantage of such an approach, as Williams notes, is that it would be much easier to scale to much larger systems-arrays of hundreds of neutral atoms have already been used to create logic gates. Because of that, some researchers have turned to studying the possibility of using neutral atoms in such a computer. But both approaches have proven difficult to scale up to large systems. ![]() Hannah Williams, with Durham University, has published a News & Views piece in the same journal issue outlining recent research into using neutral atoms to create quantum circuits and the work done by the two teams in these recent efforts.Īs research into building a true and useable quantum computer has progressed, multiple designs have evolved-the two leading contenders involve the use of qubits based either on trapped ions or electrostatic fields. The second group, with members from Harvard, MIT, QuEra Computing Inc., the University of Innsbruck and the Austrian Academy of Sciences, showed that it was possible to build a quantum processor based on coherent transport of entangled atom arrays. One of the groups, with members from the University of Wisconsin, Madison, ColdQuanta and Riverlane, successfully ran an algorithm on a cold atom quantum computer for the first time. Two teams of researchers working independently have shown the viability of using neutral atoms to create quantum circuits-both have published outlines of their work in the journal Nature. Inset: normalizing by atom loss during the move results in constant fidelity, indicating that atom loss is the dominant error mechanism. d, Measured Bell-state fidelity as a function of separation speed over the 110 μm, showing that fidelity is unaffected for a move slower than 200 μs (average separation speed of 0.55 μm μs −1). For both the moving and the stationary measurements, qubit coherence is preserved using an XY8 dynamical decoupling sequence for 300 μs (Methods). c, Parity oscillations indicate that movement does not observably affect entanglement or coherence. Using a sequence of single-qubit and two-qubit gates, atom pairs are each prepared in the |Φ +⟩ Bell state (Methods), and are then separated by 110 μm over a span of 300 μs. ![]() b, Atom images illustrating coherent transport of entangled qubits. The |0⟩, |1⟩ qubit states refer to the m F = 0 clock states of 87Rb, and |r⟩ is a Rydberg state used for generating entanglement between qubits (Extended Data Fig. Atom shuttling is performed using optical tweezers, with high parallelism in two dimensions and between multiple zones allowing selective manipulations. a, In our approach, qubits are transported to perform entangling gates with distant qubits, enabling programmable and non-local connectivity. Quantum information architecture enabled by coherent transport of neutral atoms.
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